The purpose of this review article is to evaluate the role of OT in the male reproductive system. We performed a review of all available basic science, experimental animal studies and clinical peer-reviewed articles published in PubMed and Google Scholar until November 2018. The literature so far retrieved shows that most studies pertaining to the effect of OT on male reproduction were performed in animals. Results to date show that OT, via improving the immune system, significantly protects testicular function in the setting of testicular torsion/ischemia, protects against the effect of gonadotoxic agents and treats bacterial infections in the semen. This article calls for a need for at least pilot studies in humans using OT in its safest route of administration, which is probably the transdermal one. This would be significant especially considering that male factor infertility constitutes up to one third of couple infertility and it is very common that poor semen parameters are irreversible with medical or surgical treatment, such as varicocele repair or vasectomy reversal.Read More